1. Biblioteca
  2. Sports Engineering, 2024.
  3. O árbitro assistente de vídeo (VAR) no futebol

O árbitro assistente de vídeo (VAR) no futebol

Por Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva (Autor), Serhii Nazarovets (Autor), Jan Carboch (Autor), Christian Deutscher (Autor), Carlos Humberto Almeida (Autor), Tom Webb & Nicolas Scelles (Autor).

Em Sports Engineering, 2024.

Resumo

O árbitro assistente de vídeo (VAR), popularizado no futebol, tem sido decisivo em muitos jogos disputados em diversas competições internacionais e nacionais desde que a Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) formalizou seu uso pela primeira vez no Campeonato Masculino de 2018. Copa do Mundo de Futebol. Servindo como uma ferramenta de apoio aos árbitros em campo, não é apenas um unificador do jogo, mas também um pacificador de conflitos, ao utilizar um método baseado em tecnologia para avaliar objectivamente se as decisões humanas foram precisas e justas ou erradas e, portanto, necessitam de correcção. Dado o apoio esmagador evidenciado pela sua ampla adoção, mas também algumas críticas e preocupações sobre esta tecnologia, uma avaliação objetiva da crescente literatura sobre VAR é oportuna para fazer um balanço do que é conhecido e do que ainda é desconhecido sobre a sua utilização e percepção. Utilizando principalmente literatura inglesa indexada de 2018 a 2024, esta revisão narrativa visa avaliar quatro principais pontos de discussão relacionados ao VAR, incluindo, mas não se limitando a, a tecnologia usada, por que o VAR é percebido como controverso e sua percepção em um contexto sociocultural. contexto. Esta análise sublinha a percepção positiva dos árbitros em relação ao VAR, destacando a melhoria da precisão das decisões e o mínimo de interrupções no jogo. Torcedores e mídia expressam confiança no VAR, mas pedem refinamentos. As preocupações com a comunicação no estádio com os espectadores sugerem a necessidade de maior transparência nas decisões. Também reconhecemos limitações, incluindo preconceitos linguísticos, (in)disponibilidade de literatura e disparidades baseadas no sexo, ao mesmo tempo que propomos caminhos de investigação futuros. No geral, o VAR tornou-se parte integrante do futebol, moldando o seu cenário de arbitragem e convidando à melhoria contínua.

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